Parents and educators may become overwhelmed when working with a child who is nonverbal or has some form of unintelligible speech. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) is an option for assisting with the communication skills of these children. Below are common questions and answers to guide in learning about AAC.

AAC refers to methods of communicating that do not involve direct speech from an individual. These methods include gestures, facial expressions, writing, sign language, Morse code, communication aids (charts, informational bracelets, language boards), and electronic devices.

Assistive Technology (AT) is a broad term referring to assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative devices that assist an individual to function in society at a more appropriate and independent level. AT includes wheelchairs, ramps, and TTYs (phone system for individuals that are deaf). AAC is only one component of AT.

An AAC system encompasses all methods of communication. This includes facial expressions, manual gestures, possible speech or vocalizations, picture symbols, electronic devices, as well as strategies and skills used in a variety of communication situations.

An AAC device is a mechanical or electronic tool that assists in communication. Examples include picture symbols, communication boards, and computer devices. An AAC device may or may not be part of an AAC system.

Individuals use AAC to enable them to better communicate. It allows individuals to share information, develop relationships, express feelings, ask questions, and make their needs and wants known. Individuals who use AAC devices may be nonverbal, have poor intelligibility, or may need visual cues to assist with verbalization.

Use AAC in the preschool classroom or with ESL students as they learn new vocabulary through the use of picture symbols.

The hierarchy for teaching communication with an AAC user is objects, photographs, symbols, and then words.

Locate a Speech-Language Pathologist in your area. Call local hospitals, private practices, or visit www.asha.org for a listing of specialists. Some questions to ask are: Do you provide services in the area of AAC? What type of experience do you have with AAC? What will happen after the evaluation? Where can I go to see equipment and individuals using devices? If you recommend a device for my child, will you assist in finding funding or guide me in the direction of funding?

International Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communications: www.isaac-online.org

Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America: www.resna.org

AAC Intervention: www.aacintervention.com